Carcinoma of the major salivary glands treated by surgery or surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy international journal of radiation oncologybiologyphysics, vol. Salivary gland tumors symptoms and causes mayo clinic. The 5year survival rate of patients with malignant tumors. Within the parotid gland 75 80% of tumours are benign. The parotid is involved in up to 90% of cases, and approximately half are malignant, the majority of these occurring in children over 10 years of age. Worldwide annual incidence of salivary gland tumours varies from 0. Little is known about the total incidence of salivary gland tumours as most benign tumours go unrecorded in national cancer registries. This is typically a slowgrowing tumor that occurs most often in the parotid gland. Although, overall, tumours are more common in the parotid, the incidence of malignancy is higher in the submandibular and minor salivary glands. Surgery for malignant parotid gland tumours springerlink. Characteristics of 5015 salivary gland neoplasms registered in the.
The aim of this study was to determine the expression of plunc proteins in benign and malignant salivary gland tumours and thus their potential use as diagnostic and or prognostic tools. The reasons for high proportion of msgts in sublingual glands requires further investigation. Salivary gland tumors can be benign or malignant and can arise from either the major parotid, submandibular, and sublingual or minor salivary glands located in the oral cavity, paranasal sinuses, larynx, and pharynx. Pdf postoperative treatment of malignant salivary gland. Malignant minor salivary gland tumours of the nose and. Studies 5, 11 have shown that of all benign and malignant parotid gland tumors, warthins tumor and oncocytoma almost exclusively accumulate 99mtcsodium pertech. Tumour growth and malignant transformation are complex processes involving various actions of molecules. The submandibular gland should be excised in a supracapsular plane. Jul 31, 2015 minor salivary gland tumours vary according on the site of origin painless masses on the palate or floor of the mouth are the most common form but laryngeal salivary gland tumours can produce airway obstruction, dysphagia, or hoarseness. Malignant sgts represent 6% of head and neck cancers and 0. Good results rest strongly on the performance of an adequate. Salivary gland tumors merck manuals professional edition. Salivary gland tumor an overview sciencedirect topics.
In general, the ratio of benign to malignant tumors is proportional to the gland size. Malignancy involving the parotid can arise primarily from the parotid epithelium salivary gland carcinoma primarily in the intraparotid lymph nodes lymphoma or can be due to a nonparotid cancer that metastasizes to or directly invades the parotid. Generally, malignant tumours of the salivary glands are rare and are of special importance for differential diagnosis in the minor salivary glands. Contemporary management of benign and malignant parotid. Wr540 was also helpful in differentiation of bnw and malignant tumours with an accuracy of 85%.
Salivary gland tumors are a morphologically and clinically diverse group of neoplasms, which may present significant diagnostic and management challenges. Salivary gland tumours at komfo anokye teaching hospital. Mar 12, 2015 salivary gland anlage tumor manifests in newborns or within the first few weeks of life with respiratory distress. Salivary duct stones and infections of the salivary glands are some of the causes for development of salivary gland tumor.
The minor salivary gland tumors msgts may be present in individuals of a wide age range including children and adults. Salivary gland tumors msd manual professional edition. Approximately 25 percent of parotid tumors are cancerous malignant. An approach to the why is salivary gland pathology. Salivary gland tumours represent about 6% of head and neck neoplasms and about 0. Staging of definitive resections for primary salivary gland carcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma of the parotid, submandibular or sublingual gland should use this system on occasion it may be difficult to distinguish a sublingual salivary gland primary with certainty from a salivary gland tumor arising from minor salivary glands in the. The perfusion and diffusion of 20 65% benign 12 pleomorphic adenomas and eight warthin tumors and 11 35% malignant salivary gland tumors were assessed on the basis of the ivim theory. Build on previous arrocases for salivary gland tumors. There was no significant relationship between the dna ploidy status and histopathological grading, lymph node metastasis and local. Newly described salivary gland tumors modern pathology.
Sep 28, 2017 salivary gland cancers malignant salivary gland tumors there are many types of salivary gland cancers. Periodic clinical controls are required, since the possibility of malignant transformation must be taken into account. Being exposed to certain types of radiation may increase the risk of salivary cancer. For malignant tumors, treatment is with excision and radiation. Adenoid cystic carcinoma was the commonest lesion59% followed by adenocarcinoma29% and mucoepidermoid carcinoma12%. Salivary gland tumours are uncommon in children, representing only 1% of all childhood neoplasms and 10% of all paediatric head and neck tumours. Cancer of the major salivary glands is a heterogeneous disease with a low overall incidence. Salivary gland cancers are named according to which of these cell types they most look like when seen under a microscope.
Prediction of malignancy in salivary gland tumors by a new cytology reporting system. The majority of salivary gland tumors are benign, meaning they are not cancers. Major and minor salivary glands tumours sciencedirect. A tissue microarray was assembled from 64 salivary gland tumours including adenoid cystic carcinoma, carcinoma ex. Salivary gland tumors are treated surgically, often in conjunction with postoperative radiation therapy when the tumor is malignant. Longterm results are related to the grade of the cancer.
In the 2005 classification the lesion was described in a whole section, which drew attention to its poor prognosis with up to 40% of patients dying of disease. A wide dissection of local tissues is not required. The salivary glands make saliva and release it into the mouth. There are numerous entities of salivary gland neoplasms and while. Most salivary gland tumors are benign and occur in the parotid glands. Mar 18, 2019 salivary gland neoplasms make up 6% of all head and neck tumors.
Several types of cancer can develop in these glands. The incidence of salivary gland neoplasms as a whole is approximately 5. Dna content in malignant salivary gland tumours request pdf. They represent less than one percent of all head and neck tumors. Saliva has enzymes that help digest food and antibodies that help protect against infections of the mouth and throat. Two malignant tumours did not show any washout at 180s, resembling washout pattern of bnw tumours. Approaches to the diagnosis of salivary gland tumours salivary tumours are a particular challenge to the diagnostic pathologist. Still in the us, carcinomas of the major salivary glands comprise 11% of oropharyngeal neoplasms. Pdf chapter 11 malignant salivary gland neoplasms literature. Salivary gland tumors are variable in location, origin and malignant potential pathology.
Pathology outlines pathologic tnm staging of major salivary. Pdf malignant salivary gland neoplasms represent approximately 3% to 7% of all head and neck cancers making them extremely rare tu. These are commonly seen in the cheek, palate, and lips. A total of 77 salivary tumours were seen in males tables 1. Prediction of malignancy in salivary gland the authors. Treatments for salivary gland tumors may also include radiation therapy and chemotherapy. The most common type of salivary gland tumor is a slowgrowing noncancerous benign parotid gland tumor, which gradually increases the size of the gland. However, some of these tumors can also be cancerous malignant. Multidisciplinary management of salivary gland cancers. The most common benign tumor is pleomorophic adenoma, and the most common malignant tumor is the mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Nutrition may be a risk factor, as well as irradiation or an histologically benign tumour occurred at a young age. Salivary gland cancer is a rare disease in which malignant cancer cells form in the tissues of the salivary glands. Salivary gland tumors tehran university of medical sciences.
There are a variety of benign salivary gland tumors, including. Six percent of all benign minor salivary gland tumors are considered to relapse, versus 65% of all malignant lesions. Pathologic tnm staging of major salivary glands ajcc 8th. Normal salivary glands are made up of many different kinds of cells, and tumors can start in any of these cell types. Around 50% of the tumours found in the submandibular glands are benign. The majority of these tumors reoccur after curative surgical procedures. While most parotid tumors are noncancerous benign, the parotid glands are where nearly 25 percent of cancerous malignant salivary gland tumors develop. Sonographic evaluation of salivary gland tumors a hospital. Present paper describes our experience of treating26 cases of malignant minor salivary gland tumours involving the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses198084. Benign and malignant salivary gland tumors anticancer research. Oct 16, 2018 intraoral minor salivary gland tumors constitute both benign and malignant tumors of the minor salivary glands. Main digest malignant salivary tumors is a rare cancer that forms in tissues of salivary glands in the floor of the mouth and throughout the oropharynx, the parotid glands and the submandibular glands. Malignant salivary gland tumours of the head and neck region.
Postoperative treatment of malignant salivary gland tumours of the palate with iodine125 brachytherapy. Malignant salivary tumors is a rare cancer that forms in tissues of salivary glands in the floor of the mouth and throughout the oropharynx. Some practitioners ha ve used nuclear medicine techniques to evaluate parotid gland tumors. Usually parotid gland, occasionally submandibular gland. May be seen in association with dermal cylindromas in the context of a genetic mutation. These tumors may be benign or in some cases malignant. Due to the size discrepancy, in absolute numbers the parotid gland. Twelve of 50 malignant salivary gland tumours were aneuploid. Malignant salivary tumors rare cancer disabled world. Oral tumors, minor salivary glands, histopathological diagnosis, local recurrence. Salivary gland tumors sgts are rare neoplasms accounting for 0. The incidence of both benign tumors and malignant tumors increased with age until 6069 years and then declined. Malignant salivary gland tumors make up 6% of all head and neck tumors. This is the most common salivary gland malignancy 2025 per cent of all malignant salivary gland neoplasms, occurs at mucosal sites more frequently than in major salivary glands, and accounts for 26 per cent of parotid tumours and approximately 15 per cent of submandibular tumours.
Only malignant tumors of the salivary glands are discussed in this paper. As a general rule in clinical practice, the smaller the salivary gland is, the more likely the tumour is malignant. Management of malignant tumors of the salivary glands. Oct 26, 2018 salivary gland tumors most commonly occur in the parotid gland, accounting for nearly 85 percent of all salivary gland tumors.
The various histologically different tumour types depend on the histogenesis of salivary gland tumours consisting of 3 cell types analogous to the histological structure of normal salivary glands. In the nasal cavity or paranasal sinus they cause nasal obstruction or sinusitis. These tumors are rare, with an overall incidence in the western world of approximately 2. The most common benign salivary gland tumor is a pleomorphic adenoma. Historical survivalrates insubmandibular gland cancer are lower than those achieved in parotid or minor salivary gland malignancy. Tests that examine the head, neck, and the inside of the mouth are. Signs of salivary gland cancer include a lump or trouble swallowing. Results of treatment for patients with salivary gland carcinoma have improved in recent years, most likely due to earlier diagnosis and the use of more effective locoregional therapy. They do not generally invade adjacent tissues or metastasize, but they can continue to grow and become deforming.
Oct 26, 2018 parotid tumors are the most common type of salivary gland tumors, accounting for 80 to 85 percent of all salivary gland tumors. A painless salivary mass is the most common sign and is evaluated by fineneedle aspiration biopsy. Sonographic evaluation of salivary gland tumors a hospital based study vijai pratap, s k jain1 associate professor, department of radiodiagnosis, teerthankar mahaveer medical college and research centre, moradabad, india, 1professor, department of anatomy, teerthankar mahaveer medical college and research centre, moradabad, india. Approximately three fourths of all salivary gland tumors occur in the major salivary glands. The parotid glands, located just in front of the ears on each. Expression of plunc family members in benign and malignant. Furthermore, some malignant salivary gland tumours are deemed to be caused by dedifferentiation or malignant transformation of benign tumours. Malignant mixed tumors of salivary gland origin are rare, accounting for tumors of the salivary glands. The most common malignant tumor in category iii was salivary duct carcinoma 37.
In previous classifications metastasising pa has been categorized as a separate entity under malignant salivary gland tumours. Treatment for salivary gland tumors often involves surgery. The sub table 3 mandibular gland had more malignant tumours, repre senting 47. Malignant tumors of the major salivary glands radiology. Sep 10, 2002 the most common malignant salivary gland tumour is the mucoepidermoid carcinoma, which comprises about 10% of all tumours and 35% of malignant tumours. The parotid was the commonest loca tion of all salivary gland tumours. Salivary gland tumors include a wide range of tumor types, which can be either benign or malignant. In the afip series, adenocarcinoma nos not otherwise specified is the second most common malignancy followed by acinic cell carcinoma which had an incidence of 17%. Traditionally, the treatment of choice for these tumors is surgery. The heterogeneity of salivary neoplasms represents a unique.